Constellations And The Calendar

Constellations and the Calendar

Did you recently hear that NASA changed the zodiac signs? Nope, we definitely didn’t…

…Here at NASA, we study astronomy, not astrology. We didn’t change any zodiac signs, we just did the math. Here are the details:

First Things First: Astrology is NOT Astronomy…

Astronomy is the scientific study of everything in outer space. Astronomers and other scientists know that stars many light years away have no effect on the ordinary activities of humans on Earth.

Astrology is something else. It’s not science. No one has shown that astrology can be used to predict the future or describe what people are like based on their birth dates.

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Some curious symbols ring the outside of the Star Finder. These symbols stand for some of the constellations in the zodiac. What is the zodiac and what is special about these constellations?

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Imagine a straight line drawn from Earth though the sun and out into space way beyond our solar system where the stars are. Then, picture Earth following its orbit around the sun. This imaginary line would rotate, pointing to different stars throughout one complete trip around the sun – or, one year. All the stars that lie close to the imaginary flat disk swept out by this imaginary line are said to be in the zodiac.

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The constellations in the zodiac are simply the constellations that this imaginary straight line points to in its year-long journey.

What are Constellations?

A constellation is group of stars like a dot-to-dot puzzle. If you join the dots—stars, that is—and use lots of imagination, the picture would look like an object, animal, or person. For example, Orion is a group of stars that the Greeks thought looked like a giant hunter with a sword attached to his belt. Other than making a pattern in Earth’s sky, these stars may not be related at all.

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Even the closest star is almost unimaginably far away. Because they are so far away, the shapes and positions of the constellations in Earth’s sky change very, very slowly. During one human lifetime, they change hardly at all.

A Long History of Looking to the Stars

The Babylonians lived over 3,000 years ago. They divided the zodiac into 12 equal parts – like cutting a pizza into 12 equal slices. They picked 12 constellations in the zodiac, one for each of the 12 “slices.” So, as Earth orbits the sun, the sun would appear to pass through each of the 12 parts of the zodiac. Since the Babylonians already had a 12-month calendar (based on the phases of the moon), each month got a slice of the zodiac all to itself.

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But even according to the Babylonians’ own ancient stories, there were 13 constellations in the zodiac. So they picked one, Ophiuchus, to leave out. Even then, some of the chosen 12 didn’t fit neatly into their assigned slice of the pie and crossed over into the next one.

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When the Babylonians first invented the 12 signs of zodiac, a birthday between about July 23 and August 22 meant being born under the constellation Leo. Now, 3,000 years later, the sky has shifted because Earth’s axis (North Pole) doesn’t point in quite the same direction.

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The constellations are different sizes and shapes, so the sun spends different lengths of time lined up with each one. The line from Earth through the sun points to Virgo for 45 days, but it points to Scorpius for only 7 days.  To make a tidy match with their 12-month calendar, the Babylonians ignored the fact that the sun actually moves through 13 constellations, not 12. Then they assigned each of those 12 constellations equal amounts of time.

So, we didn’t change any zodiac signs…we just did the math.

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More Posts from Toomanyfartz-blog and Others

6 years ago
Weird Eye

Weird Eye

6 years ago

School tips 🍒

1. Do all assigned reading - This is beneficial for many reasons but basically, it’s because it gives you a basic knowledge of what’s discussed in lecture. However, although reading alone is very helpful, I suggest taking notes or using whatever other methods you can that aid you in your learning. For example; taking notes, writing in margins, reading farther into what you don’t understand from other sources, writing down questions you have, and once you’re done summarize everything you read in your own words.

2. Prioritizing assignments based on the long-term effect it will have on your grade. For example, if you are assigned two papers to write, with one being crucial to your overall grade in the class VS one that wouldn’t have much of an effect, you need to decide which one is more important. Obviously, the first one is the best choice. This doesn’t mean you shouldn’t even bother to do the second one, all it means is that it won’t be your best work. When the next essay is assigned in that class, just promise to do better. Ask yourself; Which one would have a larger effect on my grade if I were to fail it? Whichever one that is, that’s the one you should give the majority of your attention.

3. Record the lecture on your phone. Check with your professor before you do this. If they don’t want you to record, then just don’t do it. However, if they don’t mind, this can be a very useful tool. Anytime your professor says something that you believe could be helpful for you in the future, (while studying for your exam, doing homework, etc.) mark the time at which they said it on your notes. After class, go back through and take thorough notes on whatever it is they said. This is especially useful for when professors go off on tangents of important info and it’s hard for you to get it all down on your notes. 

*Also, if you have a commute to work like I do, then what I find very helpful is to listen to the lecture recording on the drive.*

3. Take sloppy notes in class, touch them up afterwards. While in class, scribble all important information down. Don’t worry about making it pretty. Afterwards, go through and organize them into clear, concise notes that give you an excellent summary of the lecture. By doing this, you’re focusing more on the professor rather than looking down at your notebook.

4. Do all practice problems. This may sound like a no-brainer, but a lot of the time there are practice problems deemed optional by your professor. Because of this, many people decide not to do them. Seriously, just do them. Practice, especially when done right after class, really helps the information soak in.

5. Proofread essays with different font and size. When you reread the same Times New Roman 12 point font paper over and over, your mind become used to it, therefore skipping over little mistakes and typos. If you change the font as well as the size, your brain will stop skipping what previously looked familiar (ie; a typo that you’ve been skipping over the whole time)

6. Think of school as your job. If you aren’t a good employee, you’ll get fired. If you aren’t a good student, you’ll fail. In order to avoid getting fired, you make a good impression on the boss, work harder, etc. Apply that same concept with school; make a good impression on your professor, turn everything in on time, etc.

- - -

I am very excited for this upcoming school year to start. I have set many goals for myself and I hope you all do the same. Expect much more studying/educational posts for me as I’ll be using them to motivate myself and hopefully others. Good luck to all of you in your studies this year! ✨

8 years ago
Folks Are Getting Excited About Recent Reports of An “interesting” Signal Picked Up By The Search
Folks Are Getting Excited About Recent Reports of An “interesting” Signal Picked Up By The Search
Folks Are Getting Excited About Recent Reports of An “interesting” Signal Picked Up By The Search
Folks Are Getting Excited About Recent Reports of An “interesting” Signal Picked Up By The Search
Folks Are Getting Excited About Recent Reports of An “interesting” Signal Picked Up By The Search
Folks Are Getting Excited About Recent Reports of An “interesting” Signal Picked Up By The Search
Folks Are Getting Excited About Recent Reports of An “interesting” Signal Picked Up By The Search

Folks are getting excited about recent reports of an “interesting” signal picked up by the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI). SETI scientists say you shouldn’t get your hopes up - it’s probably not aliens.

**UPDATE: Definitely not aliens! - a Soviet Era satellite instead.**

The incident reminded me of another potential brush with E.T. back in 1977: The Wow! Signal. Robert Krulwich wrote a blog post all about it if you want to learn more. And for a more technical description, check out a report from Jerry Ehman, the man who wrote “Wow!”

Images: Big Ear Radio Observatory and North American AstroPhysical Observatory, Patrick Foto/Getty Images

6 years ago

little self care things ♡

taste:

eat small fruit snacks

buy yourself a treat occasionally

make a cake in a mug

chew flavored sugar-free gum

put lemon in your water

hearing:

listen to your favorite music

or just wear earphones to block things out

listen to white noise/ambient sounds

smell:

put on some sweet-scented lotion

spray a bit of your favorite perfume

make your favorite coffee or tea

sight:

look in the mirror and tell yourself you look good today

clean the clutter in your room + throw things away

close all the unused tabs

clean the dishes + do your laundry

delete unused apps

make your bed

fold your clothes tidily

organize your books and papers

turn down the brightness of your phone/computer at night

smile and be more polite at strangers

open up the curtains, let the light in

go outside often

touch:

hug people you love

cuddle your pet

read while lying in your bed

hug a soft toy

appearance:

wash your face/use face wipes

dry shampoo if you’re too tired to shower

brush your teeth

exfoliate + moisturize your skin

change into clean clothes

brush your hair

put on some lip balm

body:

do your favorite exercises

take a nap

take deep breaths with your stomach

take a warm shower

stand up and stretch your legs

put on some music and go for a walk outside

get at least 7 hours of sleep

drink lots of water

hobbies:

always make some time to do what you love

create art, writing and music for yourself, not anyone else

don’t feel embarrassed about your hobbies

be patient with yourself, progress takes time! don’t give up

hobby ideas: cooking, reading, drawing, painting, a sport, a new language, learn a musical instrument, collect things, photography, join a class or a club

mind:

put yourself first

spend less time around people who make you feel bad

write your thoughts in a journal

stand up for yourself

stop judging people

don’t dwell in the past

concentrate on what’s happening now

don’t try for people who don’t care

stop caring about what’s not important

be a friend to yourself, rather than a bully

learn to love your body

see the bigger picture

change self-destructive habits

appreciate the good

let things go

ask for help

studying:

make lists

focus on priorities

stop putting everything off

turn off your phone if you need to

take breaks

do one thing at a time

believe in yourself!

other:

laugh a lot

get a plant and name it

buy flowers for yourself

be ok with being alone

go out with your friends

watch a movie

I hope you feel better soon. You deserve so much. Things will get better soon so keep going. ☁️ I love you

6 years ago
How The Geneva Drive (the Mechanical Step That Makes The Second Hand On A Clock Work By Turning Constant

How the Geneva Drive (the mechanical step that makes the second hand on a clock work by turning constant rotation into intermittent motion) works.

6 years ago

Online Enrollment Growing Faster than Blended

Research

Online Enrollment Growing Faster than Blended

By Dian Schaffhauser

03/26/19

Growth rates between fall 2017 and fall 2018 for fully online and blended course enrollment

Growth rates between fall 2017 and fall 2018 for fully online and blended course enrollment (Source: 2019 CHLOE 3 Report)

Fully online courses are more likely to drive enrollment growth, according to a recent survey of institutions from Quality Matters and Eduventures Research, the research division of ACT/NRCCUA. Most respondents said that courses that were 100 percent online at their schools had grown between 2017 and 2018; about a third reported flat enrollment; and 10 percent saw a decline. The majority response for blended courses, on the other hand, was flat enrollment over that period, while a third cited growth and 14 percent recorded a decline.

The third annual “Changing Landscape of Online Education ” (CHLOE 3) report surveyed 280 chief online officers (COOs) (up from 182 last year) at U.S. colleges and universities about policies, practices and plans around online education. Researchers defined the role of “chief online officer” as having lead or shared responsibility for online faculty training, online instructional design and course development, coordination with academic units, online policy development and quality assurance and overall strategic planning.

The schools that reported completely online courses had an average of 19,000 students, while those that reported that all of their courses were blended or hybrid reported an average of 5,000 fully online and blended students. “Blended intensity” didn’t have the same link to institutional size, researchers noted, most probably because blended courses were “more difficult to scale up geographically.”

The institutions with the largest online enrollment were also the most likely to report growth (84 percent) compared to mid-sized, where 60 percent experienced growth, and small, where 46 percent saw growth. The researchers suggested that this was a signal that in “an increasingly crowded online market,” those schools with the most online offerings and years of delivery were also “more visible to consumers” and might “offer a superior online student experience.” It could also indicate, the report added, that those smaller institutions weren’t as keen “to ramp up online enrollment above a certain scale.”

Fully online courses were far more common among respondents than blended. More than 20 percent of reporting schools said most of their courses were online; just 8 percent reported the same for their blended courses. In fact, half of the reporting schools gave much higher priority to fully online courses and programs than they gave to their blended offerings. Their planning also emphasized fully online options over blended versions.

How schools prioritize fully online programs compared to blended programs

How schools prioritize fully online programs compared to blended programs (Source: 2019 CHLOE 3 Report)

Master’s degrees were the most fully online programs, according to the survey, and about a third of all master’s students study in a fully online program, which is considerably higher than any other degree level, the report said.

The full report, which explores trends in the management of online education as well as the tools and techniques employed in online programs, is available on the Quality Matters site (registration required). A webinar on the findings will take place on April 11, 2019 at 1 p.m. Eastern time; the event is open to members and non-members.

About the Author

Dian Schaffhauser is a senior contributing editor for 1105 Media’s education publications THE Journal and Campus Technology. She can be reached at dian@dischaffhauser.com or on Twitter @schaffhauser.

via Campus Technology: All Articles https://campustechnology.com/articles/2019/03/26/online-enrollment-growing-faster-than-blended.aspx

6 years ago

A visualisation of the radioactive decay of uranium within a cloud chamber.⠀

⠀A cloud chamber consists of supersaturated vapor that interacts with charged particles that pass through it. ⠀⠀Via Science Rumors

6 years ago

Bible Contradictions

Despite the claims by bible-cheerleaders, the Judeo-Christian bible is not “God’s Word” but is riddled with errors and contradictions. There are some 150,000 errors, contradictions and/or variations between ancient copies of the New Testament alone, estimated by a number of biblical scholars, including Griesbach. The following are some of these countless contradictions, brought to us by, and with comments from, Rhianwen.

ON THE SABBATH DAY

“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.” –  Exodus 20:8

“One man esteemeth one day above another:  another esteemeth every day alike. Let every man be fully persuaded in his own mind.” –  Romans 14:5

ON THE PERMANENCY OF THE EARTH

“… the earth abideth for ever.” – Ecclesiastes1:4

“… the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and the works that are therein shall be burned up.” – 2 Peter 3:10

ON SEEING GOD

“… I have seen God face to face …” – Genesis 32:30

“No man hath seen God at any time…”– John 1:18

ON HUMAN SACRIFICE

“… Thou shalt not let any of thy seed pass through the fire to Molech, neither shalt thou profane the name of thy God…” – Leviticus 18:21

In Judges, though, the tale of Jephthah, who led the Israelites against the Ammonites, is being told. Being fearful of defeat, this good religious man sought to guarantee victory by getting god firmly on his side. So he prayed to god:

“… If thou shalt without fail deliver the children of Ammon into mine hands, Then it shall be, that whatsoever cometh forth of the doors of my house to meet me, when I return in peace from the children of Ammon, shall surely be the LORD’s, and I will offer it up for a burnt offering” – Judges 11:30-31

The terms were acceptable to god – remember, he is supposed to be omniscient and know the future – so he gave victory to Jephthah, and the first whatsoever that greeted him upon his glorious return was his daughter, as god surelyknew would happen, if god is god. True to his vow, the general made a human sacrifice of his only child to god! – Judges  11:29-34

ON THE POWER OF GOD

“… with God all things are possible.” –  Matthew 19:26

“…The LORD was with Judah; and he drave out the inhabitants of the mountain; but could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.” – Judges 1:19

ON DEALING WITH PERSONAL INJURY

“…thou shalt give life for life, Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, burning for burning, wound for wound, stripe for stripe. ” – Exodus 21:23-25

“…ye resist not evil: but whosoever shall smite thee on the right cheek, turn to him the other  also.” – Matthew 5:39

ON CIRCUMCISION

“This is my covenant, which ye shall keep,between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man child among you shall be circumcised.” – Genesis 17:10

“…if ye be circumcised, Christ shall profit you  nothing.” – Galatians 5:2

ON INCEST

“Cursed be he that lieth with his sister, the daughter of his father, or the daughter of this mother…” – Deuteronomy 27:22

“And if a man shall take his sister, his father’s daughter, or his mother’s daughter…it is a wicked thing….” – Leviticus 20:17

[But what was god’s reaction to Abraham, who married his sister – his father’s daughter? See  Genesis 20:11-12.]

“And God said unto Abraham, As for Sara thy wife…I bless her, and give thee a son also of her…” – Genesis 17:15-16

ON TRUSTING GOD

“A good man obtaineth favour of the LORD…” – Proverbs 12:2

Now consider the case of Job. After commissioning Satan to ruin Job financially and to slaughter his shepherds and children to win a petty bet with Satan. God asked Satan:

“Hast thou considered my servant Job, that there is none like him in the earth, a perfect and an upright man, one that feareth God, and escheweth evil? and still he holdeth fast his integrity, although thou movedst me against him, to destroy him without cause.” – Job 2:3

ON THE HOLY LIFE-STYLE

“Go thy way, eat thy bread with joy, and drink thy wine with a merry heart…” – Ecclesiastes 9:7

“…they that rejoice, as though they rejoiced  not…” – 1 Corinthians 7:30

ON PUNISHING CRIME

“The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father…” – Ezekiel 18:20

“I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation…”– Exodus 20:5

ON TEMPTATION

“Let no man say when he is tempted, I am tempted of God: for God cannot be tempted with evil, neither tempteth he any man.” – James 1:13

“And it came to pass after these things, that God did tempt Abraham…” – Genesis 22:1

ON FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS

“Honor thy father and thy mother…”– Exodus 20:12

“If any man come to me, and hate not his father, and mother, and wife, and children, and brethren, and sisters, yea, and his own life also,he cannot be my disciple. ” – Luke 14:26

ON RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD

“…he that goeth down to the grave shall come up no more. ” – Job 7:9

“…the hour is coming, in which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice, and shall come  forth….” – John 5:28-29

ON THE END OF THE WORLD

“Verily I say unto you, There be some standing here, which shall not taste of death, till they see the Son of man coming in his kingdom. ” –  Matthew 16:28

“Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass away, till all be fulfilled. Heaven and earth shall pass away: but my words shall not passaway. ” – Luke 21:32-33

“And that, knowing the time, that now it is high time to awake out of sleep: for now is our salvation nearer than when we believed. The night is far spent, the day is at hand: let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armour of light.” – Romans  13:11-12

“Be ye also patient; establish your hearts: for the coming of the Lord draweth nigh.” – James 5:8

“Little children, it is the last time: and as ye have heard that antichrist shall come, even now are there many antichrists; whereby we know that it is the last time.” – 1 John 2:18

“But the end of all things is at hand: be ye therefore sober, and watch unto prayer.” – 1 Peter 4:7

These words were written between 1800 and 1900 years ago and were meant to warn and prepare the first Christians for the immediate end of the world. Some words are those supposedly straight out of the mouth of the “Son of God.” The world did not end 1800 or 1900 years ago. All that generation passed away without any of the things foretold coming to pass. No amount of prayer brought it about; nor ever so much patience and belief and  sober living. The world went on, as usual, indifferent to the spoutings of yet another batch of doomsday prophets with visions of messiahs dancing in their deluded brains. The world, by surviving, makes the above passages  contradictions.

Rhianwen

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