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Overview of Korean Formalities

존댓말

polite formal 합쇼체

most common and safe speech form, can be used with everyone

especially used with clients, business partners, customers, etc

news broadcasts and reporters

~ㅂ니다

ex; 합니다, 하십니다

polite informal 해요체

most common and safe speech, used with everyone as well

tv show hosts use it

more common with younger generations

~아요/여요/어요

ex; 해요, 하세요

반말

impolite formal 해라체

used with friends, family, people of lower status, or younger than you

sort of plain text used in magazines, books, newspapers, songs, etc.

~다/ㄴ다/는다

ex; 한다, 하신다

impolite informal 해체

between friends and children

ex; 해, 하셔

Theres also other speech forms but they are mostly unused so you can get away with ignoring them 

하소서체 - for royalty and religious contexts, you might see it in churches or bibles and some historical dramas but thats it

하오체 - old casual form, might see it in historical dramas as well and for a period it was used online? like 해요체 you stick 오 at the end

하게체 - inbetween 반말 and 존댓말, only really used by people 60+

some maths notes! i was inspired by one of my friend’s minimalistic Cornell notes so i decided to try this style out :)

personally, maths notes have to be very minimalistic otherwise it gets way too confusing 😓 i only need the bare bones of what to remember! i have fun with brush pens and colours in subjects like bio and geo ;)

this is probably an unpopular opinion but i’m excited for bangtan’s collab with halsey.

she’s supported them for a long time now and i don’t think she’s using them for clout like previous western artists have.

i know she’s been problematic in the past and it’s not my place to tell people how they should feel about that, but she’s human and i believe she’s grown from her mistakes.

as a mixed, openly bisexual female artist who has spoken out about her experiences being bipolar and who continuously and consistently writes meaningful songs regarding her own personal struggles with relationships, fame, and her own self-image, i’m excited for what she and bts can bring to the table.

i just get annoyed at how quickly certain bts fans “cancel” other celebrities (especially female celebrities) at the tiniest whiff of something problematic and then bash bighit’s collab choices.

we’ve already established that members of bts have done problematic things in the past, but we forgive them because we recognize that they’ve matured and learned from their mistakes. but y’all can’t do that for halsey? ok.

listen to her less mainstream music and get back to me on how she only writes stupid tumblr teeny-bopper songs. songs of hers such as gasoline, control, hurricane, empty gold, and selfie have really helped me through hard times and i believe at her core, halsey is an artist who puts a lot of care and meaning into her songs, and who is also interested in being an advocate for her communities.

hearing bad at love on the radio?? where halsey openly sings about having dated men and women?? on the RADIO?? MY BISEXUAL ASS WAS SHAKING!!

but some of y’all are so caught up in bashing her that you can’t even recognize her good qualities, huh?

When South Africa dismantled apartheid, it did not end with the expulsion of all white South Africans. They became part of the new South Africa, just without the criminal discriminatory oligarchic powers the apartheid goverment had. When Bolivia recognized its indigenous heritage and became a plurinational state, it did not mean that people of European descent were expelled in masse. It meant the recognition of the previously discriminated indigenous and mestizo people of Bolivia and the beginning of a path of integration and revalidation.

What I mean is that it's ridiculous to think that decolonization inherently means mass suffering and relocation, that's what colonization does. Decolonization is recognizing the crimes of colonization, but more importantly, material, political and social steps to give power and self-determination to the exploited native people who were victims of colonialism and imperialism.

In multicultural societies, you don't go like in that Peter Griffin meme with a skin tone chart and saying 'well, you go back to Europe, you go back to Africa, you stay here'. You build a new society on the paradigm of dignity for exploited people and equality under the law. People are acting like this is some sort of fantastic utopia instead of real initiatives that were done in living memory, with successes and failures, as all such initiatives have. One must ask why are some so insistent that multicultural societies can't thrive, especially when for most of history, societies were indeed like that. Consider why you think like that.

True👌

After you read a life-changing, heart-wrenching, awe-inspiring book and you go back to the real world

08/21/19 // gentle reminder // ig

he’s literally rigging the election and next to nothing’s being done about it what the actual fucking living hell

You guys should check out my side blog😋 @productivelily102

missing my fall semester study setup, missing taiwanese vegan desserts, missing taipei