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Sight
tall trees with thick canopies of leaves
alternating light coming in through the moving leafs of the trees
ground covered with a mix of grass, ferns, and fallen leaves
wildflowers adding splashes of colour
animals like deer, boars, squirrels, birds
insects like butterflies and bees add movement and life to the scene
Hearing
the air is filled with the melodious songs of birds
gentle rustling of leaves as the wind moves through the trees
constant hum and buzz of insects
the soft crunch of leaves, twigs, and soil while walking through the forest
Touch
the spongy feel and the soft coolness of moss
the rough texture of tree bark
the cooler temperature in the forest
with a gentle breeze that can be felt on your skin
Smell
the smell of fresh grass
the rich, earthy smell of soil and decaying leaves
the scent of fresh leaves, pine needles, and blooming flowers
the smell of the clean, slightly damp scent of water and wet earth from a nearby stream or pond
Taste
the clean taste of fresh air
the taste of sweet and tangy wildberries
the taste of self-picked mushrooms
the taste of edible wildflowers
the taste of a variety of nuts
the taste of wild greens
More: How to create an atmosphere
It drives me crazy that I can outline such an amazing book idea, but I can't just work up the motivation to write it. Like, listen, it's called Daisies in the Ruins, and it's already a play that I wrote, and it's about a lesbian princess who doesn't know she's a lesbian. She's come of age, and her kingdom is in a massive rebellion, and her job is to marry a prince with the biggest and most powerful army. She has two prospects, one is a lovable, dork, who is next in line to be the king of his kingdom. And the other is this douchebag, who is a prince but not the prince who will become king. Obvious choice here people. The only problem? Our lesbian princess (who again doesn't know she's a lesbian) meets our lovable dork's queer female knight. Oooh drama. What will happen next?! No one knows because I won't just write the damn book.
if you're trying to get into the head of your story's antagonist, try writing an "Am I the Asshole" reddit post from their perspective, explaining their problems and their plans for solving them. Let the voice and logic come through.
oh this is great :D
I made these as a way to compile all the geographical vocabulary that I thought was useful and interesting for writers. Some descriptors share categories, and some are simplified, but for the most part everything is in its proper place. Not all the words are as useable as others, and some might take tricky wording to pull off, but I hope these prove useful to all you writers out there!
(save the images to zoom in on the pics)
If you’re coming to this list from a reblog, please click through to the original post as it may be updated with more content!
Please note I haven’t read everything on this list, so I can’t speak to all it contains/ accuracy, ya dig?
Writing a Blind or Visually Impaired Character by @mimzy-writing-online
Resources For Writing Deaf, Mute, or Blind Characters by @thecaffeinebookwarrior
Writing Sign Language F.A.Q by @concerningwolves
Words for Skin Tone | How to Describe Skin Color by @writingwithcolor
Words to Describe Hair by @writingwithcolor
So You Want Your OC to be Jewish by @bailey-writes
-
Body Language Cheat Sheet for Writers from @theinformationdump
Cheat Sheet for Writing Emotion by @thewriterswitch
How to Write a Realistic Argument by @she-who-fights-and-writes
How to write softness by @oriorwriter
Writing villains / villains motivations by @the-modern-typewriter
Personality traits/flaws by @rivalwrites
Writing Consent - written for The Witcher fandom but the advice is actually general, by @hailhailsatan
How to Write Characters in Realistic Polyamorous Relationships - by @simplyoriginalcharacters
How to Write OCs With Trauma
Writing Enemies to Lovers by @pianowritesstuff
How to write a kiss
❧ So much more is under the cut!
Keep reading
IM SORRY WHAT
im literally a woman and I didn't pick up half of these mannerisms n things omg
well new writing guide is here guys
➤ Who’s Tired of Being Talked Over
You ever watch someone hold in a scream behind their teeth? That’s her, constantly.
✧ She starts choosing her words like landmines. Each one is sharp, controlled, and timed like a threat. She’s learned that being polite won’t get her listened to, but sounding like you might flip a table will. ✧ She’s mastered the art of the silence that feels loud. Doesn’t fill awkward gaps. Just lets the discomfort sit in the air like smoke. ✧ She explains things with forced calm, the kind that sounds like a teacher asking a second-grade class why the hamster is missing. ✧ She notices interruptions like bruises. She doesn’t react to them anymore, not out loud. But you can bet she counts them. ✧ She repeats herself less. Not because they understood her the first time. Because they never listened anyway. ✧ She’s learned how to weaponize eye contact. Not in a sexy way. In a “I will set this boardroom on fire with my mind” way. ✧ Her voice only shakes when she’s deciding if it’s worth the explosion.
➤ Who’s Been Called ‘Too Much’ Her Whole Life
She isn’t too much. She’s just tired of shrinking for people who were never going to make room anyway.
✧ She says the thing you’re not supposed to say. Then stares at you to see what you’ll do with it. ✧ She’s loud with her laugh, loud with her grief, loud with her love, because if she’s going to be punished for being “extra,” she might as well be honest about it. ✧ She over-explains. Over-apologizes. Then catches herself and stops halfway through the sentence. ✧ She tries to “tone it down” and ends up sounding like a censored version of herself, bland, miserable, unfinished. ✧ She edits her texts four times, deletes the paragraph, sends “haha ok :)” instead. ✧ She keeps her hands busy because otherwise they’d be doing something reckless. ✧ She overcompensates with sarcasm and then goes home and wonders if everyone hates her. ✧ She’s loved fiercely. Regretted it more fiercely. ✧ She walks into a room like she owns it, and then spends the entire time wondering if she should have stayed home.
➤ Who Wants to Be Soft but Doesn’t Feel Safe
She's gentle, but that gentleness lives under twenty layers of armor. And most people never even get past the first. ✧ She’s careful with her compliments, she knows how people weaponize kindness. ✧ She keeps her vulnerability behind locked doors and guards them with jokes, sarcasm, and “I’m just tired.” ✧ She’ll comfort others like she was born to do it, but flinch if someone offers her the same. ✧ She avoids mirrors on bad days. Eye contact on good ones. ✧ She cries where no one can see. Car bathrooms. Locked bedrooms. Grocery store parking lots at night. ✧ She doesn’t ask for help. Not because she doesn’t need it, but because the last time she did, it came with a price. ✧ She’s soft with animals, with children, with strangers, but not herself. Never herself. ✧ She daydreams about being taken care of, then immediately gets mad at herself for wanting something so “weak.” ✧ She wants love, but she’s terrified of being known. Because if someone really saw her? What if they didn’t stay?
And if you’re sitting there reading all of that thinking, “God, I don’t even know how to write women like this…” Please know: you’re not alone. Like, really not alone.
Writing female characters in a way that feels true, nuanced, and unapologetically real isn’t just about avoiding clichés. It’s about unlearning everything you were taught about what women are “supposed” to be on the page. It’s about getting underneath the polish. Past the performative strength. Past the “she’s not like other girls” and the “strong but broken” tropes. Past the idea that softness is weakness and rage is unlikable.
So many people struggle with this, not because they don’t care, but because no one ever really taught them how to see women as people first.
A lot of us grew up reading female characters written through a lens that flattened us. Made us background noise, love interests, plot devices, or emotionally bulletproof when we weren’t emotionally unstable. It’s no wonder we’re all trying to figure out how to do better now. I write a Book about How to Write Women that feel Alive... For you.
In the chapters ahead, we’re going to unravel that mess, together (Promise). We’ll talk about...
❥ Tropes — the ones worth reclaiming, and the ones you can toss into the fire. ❥ The psychology of a woman — how conditioning, survival, identity, and inner conflict shape her from the inside out. ❥ Female vs. male conflict — not in a “boys suck” way, but in a “our emotional battlegrounds are different and that matters” way. ❥ Expectations — society’s, her own, and how characters shrink or shatter under them. ❥ Emotions as strength — especially the ones she was taught to hide: fear, grief, longing, joy, rage. ❥ Female anger — what happens when she finally stops holding it in. ❥ Archetypes — and how to subvert them without erasing the truths they come from. ❥ Female friendships — no more cardboard “bestie” side characters. ❥ Romantic relationships — what it means when she’s finally seen. Chosen. Or rejected. ❥Mothers, daughters, and sisters — because female relationships deserve more than being backstory. ❥ Dialogue — how she speaks when she’s safe vs. when she’s scared. ❥ Inner conflict and development — her arc isn’t about fixing her. It’s about letting her evolve. ❥ Writing exercises — to help you get past the noise and write from a place that feels real. ❥ A full checklist for writing female OCs — layered, powerful, contradictory, alive.
📖 Get your Paperback now! (Here On Amazon!)
This isn’t a rulebook. It’s a guide. A toolbox. A comfort blanket. A callout. A reminder that writing women doesn’t have to feel impossible, you just have to be willing to look a little deeper.
So if you’ve ever felt stuck writing a female character… If you’ve defaulted to tropes because you didn’t know how else to make her “interesting”… If you’ve erased her emotions to make her “strong”… Or if you’ve stared at the page wondering why she still doesn’t feel real...This book is for you.
And I promise, by the time you reach the last chapter? You’ll not only know how to write her. You’ll understand her. And maybe even see a little of yourself in the process.
Love u All!!🖤
Want to create a religion for your fictional world? Here are some references and resources!
General:
General Folklore
Various Folktales
Heroes
Weather Folklore
Trees in Mythology
Animals in Mythology
Birds in Mythology
Flowers in Mythology
Fruit in Mythology
Plants in Mythology
Folktales from Around the World
Africa:
Egyptian Mythology
African Mythology
More African Mythology
Egyptian Gods and Goddesses
The Gods of Africa
Even More African Mythology
West African Mythology
All About African Mythology
African Mythical Creatures
Gods and Goddesses
The Americas:
Aztec Mythology
Haitian Mythology
Inca Mythology
Maya Mythology
Native American Mythology
More Inca Mythology
More Native American Mythology
South American Mythical Creatures
North American Mythical Creatures
Aztec Gods and Goddesses
Asia:
Chinese Mythology
Hindu Mythology
Japanese Mythology
Korean Mythology
More Japanese Mythology
Chinese and Japanese Mythical Creatures
Indian Mythical Creatures
Chinese Gods and Goddesses
Hindu Gods and Goddesses
Korean Gods and Goddesses
Europe:
Basque Mythology
Celtic Mythology
Etruscan Mythology
Greek Mythology
Latvian Mythology
Norse Mythology
Roman Mythology
Arthurian Legends
Bestiary
Celtic Gods and Goddesses
Gods and Goddesses of the Celtic Lands
Finnish Mythology
Celtic Mythical Creatures
Gods and Goddesses
Middle East:
Islamic Mythology
Judaic Mythology
Mesopotamian Mythology
Persian Mythology
Middle Eastern Mythical Creatures
Oceania:
Aboriginal Mythology
Polynesian Mythology
More Polynesian Mythology
Mythology of the Polynesian Islands
Melanesian Mythology
Massive Polynesian Mythology Post
Maori Mythical Creatures
Hawaiian Gods and Goddesses
Hawaiian Goddesses
Gods and Goddesses
Creating a Fantasy Religion:
Creating Part 1
Creating Part 2
Creating Part 3
Creating Part 4
Fantasy Religion Design Guide
Using Religion in Fantasy
Religion in Fantasy
Creating Fantasy Worlds
Beliefs in Fantasy
Some superstitions:
Read More
economy or economies — what does the economy look like? is it horrible? is it great? does it vary from area to area?
race(s) — what do your people(s) look like? are they human, are they something else, are there multiple species?
currency or currencies — what do people use to trade? do they trade with items, like one pound of beef in exchange for one pound of scrap, or currency, like one dollar for one peach?
magic — decide if you want to have magic in your world, none at all, or if you want to put a spin on magic, like technology (smartphones, laptops, etc.) is considered magic
magic system — how does your magic work? are there different elements? maybe different element combinations can make others?
rules of magic — what are the absolute don’ts and dos in your magic system? also, what are the don’ts and do’s for magic in your society or societies?
magicians — are there magicians? are they typically one race, can they be anyone, or are multiple races known for being magicians? how are they related to magic? are some races better at becoming magicians and dealing with magic than others? what makes someone a strong or weak magician if you’re going to have power differences?
how magic relates to science — if you’re going to have science in your world, how does magic tie into it? is magic just apart of science? is magic its own thing and science another?
flora and fauna — how is the wildlife? are the plants and animals the same as the ones on earth, or are they unique? are there a variety of organisms or only a few?
geography — what does the planet look like? is it mostly land, water, or something else? are there landforms? if so, what are they and what do they look like?
natural resource(s) — what resources are available on the planet or planets and where?
climate(s) — what is the weather generally like on the planet or in specific areas? for example, is it always hot in one area but always cold in another, or is the entire planet one way?
culture(s) — manners, calendar(s),
technology — how technologically advanced are your people? are some areas or civilizations more advanced than others? are they barbaric?
medicine — how advanced or simple is medicine? is it available to most people? is the kind of treatment you receive race specific? does free medical care exist or is it available?
transportation — how do people get around? do they walk, use cars, bikes, planes, and or trains, or something else entirely?
communication — what are the language(s)? what are the methods of communication? are there specific alphabet(s)?
he furrowed his eyebrows — in confusion or concentration
he raised his eyebrows — in surprise or skepticism
he narrowed his eyes — in suspicion or annoyance
he bit or pressed his lips together — in hesitation
his lips parted slightly — in shock or anticipation
he clenched his jaw — in frustration or determination
he tilted his head — in curiosity or disbelief
he wrinkled his nose — in disgust or disapproval
he rolled his eyes — in exasperation
he puffed his cheeks — in frustration or exhaustion
eye movements:
his eyes darted around — nervously
he avoided eye contact — out of guilt or shyness
he held eye contact — in defiance or intensity
he squinted slightly — in scrutiny
he looked down — in shame or submission
he glanced away quickly — in embarrassment
he stared blankly — in shock or dissociation
he blinked rapidly — in disbelief or surprise
his eyes widened — in fear or astonishment
he peeked through his fingers — when scared or hesitant
head movements:
he nodded slowly — in understanding or agreement
he shook his head — in disagreement or disbelief
he tilted his head — playfully or teasingly
he bowed his head slightly — in respect or submission
he tossed his head back — in confidence or defiance
he ducked his head — in embarrassment or shyness
he rested his chin in his hand — while thinking or bored
he jerked his head toward a sound — in alertness
he rolled his neck — to release tension
he tipped his chin up — in defiance or arrogance
hand movements:
he clenched his fists — in anger or determination
he ran his hands through his hair — in frustration or stress
he wringed his hands — in nervousness
he drummed his fingers on a surface — in impatience
he pointed — accusingly or demandingly
he pressed his palms against a surface — in desperation
he tugged at his sleeves or hem — in nervousness
he threw his hands up — in exasperation or surrender
he rubbed his temples — in frustration or exhaustion
he covered his mouth — in shock or horror
arm and shoulder movements:
he crossed his arms — in defensiveness or annoyance
he wrapped his arms around himself — for comfort
he shrugged — in uncertainty or indifference
he threw his arms out — in excitement or exasperation
he linked arms with her — for comfort or closeness
he rubbed his arms — to self-soothe or ward off cold
he flailed his arms wildly — in panic or excitement
he stretched his arms above his head — in relaxation or boredom
he held his arms behind his back — in restraint or formality
he used exaggerated arm gestures — when talking passionately
leg and foot movements:
he tapped his foot — impatiently
he crossed his legs — to appear closed off or comfortable
he bounced his knee — in nervousness or excitement
he kicked at the ground — absentmindedly
he shuffled his feet — in hesitation or guilt
he stood on his tiptoes — to see something or seem taller
he turned his toes inward — in insecurity or shyness
he stomped his foot — in frustration or excitement
he swung his legs — in a carefree manner
he stepped back instinctively — in fear or uncertainty
posture and general movement:
he stood tall with his shoulders squared — in confidence
he slouched — in defeat or boredom
he leaned in — engaged or interested
he leaned away — in discomfort or disinterest
he puffed out his chest — in arrogance or bravado
he shrunk into himself — in anxiety or fear
he rocked back and forth — in nervousness or impatience
he swiveled his body away slightly — in disengagement
he walked stiffly — in discomfort or tension
her hips swayed confidently while she walked
microexpressions:
a smile briefly flickered across his face
his eye twitched a single time — in irritation
he swallowed hard — when nervous or emotional
he slightly shuddered — in disgust or fear
he bit the inside of his cheek — in thought or frustration
he quickly inhaled — taken aback
he exhaled shakily after holding his breath too long
he clutched his shirt tightly — in anxiety
he tilted his head down slightly while still looking up (puppy dog eyes)
there was a fleeting look of longing in his eyes before he looked away
“this,” i paused, “is a sentence with an action, pause, dialogue tag, etc. in between.”
“this is a sentence too,” i said.
“hey and this too.” i said
“this is a sentence,” i said. “this is another sentence.”
“this is a sentence.”
okay thanks that’s all i got same time tomorrow
“how did you get into writing” hey so writing got into me
sandalwood — think intoxicating, slightly masculine (if you want it to be), wood-y,
fresh laundry — think febreeze, freshly cleaned clothes, cleaning wipes, that kinda thing
cinammon — think cinnamon rolls, desserts, sugar, sweetness
vanilla — sweet and soft. it’s a classic and i feel it’s almost feminine because it’s in a lot of perfumes but it can be for anyone
sea salt — think sand on your feet, sea in your lungs, maybe a few seagulls cawing. a very beach-y smell
chlorine — think of pools, summer, theme parks with water slides. it’s not the most appealing smell but it certainly is a smell
strawberry — when i think of strawberries, i think of strawberry picking when i was little and kind of the taste of the strawberries themselves. as for the ice cream or perfume kinda strawberry, it’s a fun and sweet smell
chocolate — think hot chocolate, a hershey’s kiss, that hint of chocolate in your coffee creamer. it’s warm and cozy
coconut — think tropical, beachy, refreshing. when most people see coconuts they see “exotic”
banana — think banana sundae, banana smoothie, fruit-y smell, laffy taffy, that kinda thing
apple — think apple trees, apple jam, apple pie, that kinda sweet crisp smell
pine — think of a damp, dirty forest with towering trees and leaves gracing its floor. maybe a deer or two is nearby. it’s a forest smell basically
metallic — think of blood, wet copper or iron, etc.
dirt/earth — think the smell of dirt, grass, trees. the general smell of nature
rose — think romantic, date night, mysterious, alluring. roses are most commonly associated with life and affection, at least in american culture
sweat — think intense workout, maybe tangy, smoky, etc. just sweat
mint — think of waking up bright and early, toothpaste, doctor’s offices, etc. mint really speaks as fresh to me
damp, wet, wet dog — think of moist places, like a really old pool or something akin to that
dew — think early morning and mist in the air. can be associated with spring as well
musk — think of a scent similar to sweat, but the aftermath. not just pure sweat everywhere, but the scent about an hour after you work out. it smells different for everyone though
smoke — think of that scent you smell when a fireplace turns off, wood stops burning, or when you overcook something
spicy — think of ginger, paprika, spices in general. it’s a kind of fun and daring smell
toasty, warming — this can be anything warm you want: hot cocoa, warm blankets, turning the heater on, summer, fireplace flames
floral — this can be any flower you want it to be. spring is full of it, it is the embodiment of a bouquet, and is the scent you smell when you “stop to smell the flowers”
his brows knitted together
her lips pulled into a smile
the corners of her lips quirked up into a smile/smirk
her face twitched
a line formed between his brows
a look of happiness engulfed him
a look of sadness washed over him
his face contorted into a frown
his eyes drooped at that, and his lips pulled themselves into a frown
she raised a brow
she cocked an eyebrow
her brows furrowed
her eyes narrowed
her eyebrows shot up
his brows were tightly drawn together
alternatively, his brows were drawn together tightly
her entire face dropped
her smile fell
his eyes glittered with [any emotion]
his eyebrows pinched together
smirked — teasing, playful, snarky. usually, one side of the person’s mouth is slightly upturned.
smiled — a smile, both sides of the person’s mouth turn up and it can be slight or extreme.
laughed — a general laugh. usually in response to something funny or outlandish, can be dry, loud, kind of quiet, or hearty.
chuckled — laughter’s quiet cousin. usually more subtle than a laugh and can be the suppression of a laugh, like someone was starting to laugh but decided against it.
howled — a loud, intense and higher pitched version of laughter. think doubling over, hands on knees kind of laugh. like a wolf, if you will
convulsed/convulsing with laughter — the person’s body is shaking or moving a lot due to laughter, maybe their arms are moving, they’re bent over, i don’t know whatever you want
beamed — a more strong, noticeable smile, usually wide and cheerful. think your crush just asked you out kinda deal
normal:
— stated
— spoke
— remarked
— reported
— added
questioning:
— asked
— inquired
— requested
— begged
angrily:
— demanded
— shouted
— growled
— yelled
sad:
— sobbed
— cried
— groaned
— bawled
nervous:
— trembled
— quaked
— stammered/stuttered
happy:
— exclaimed
— chirped
— laughed
— giggled
every character’s first line should be an introduction to who they are as a person
even if you only wrote one sentence on a really bad day, that’s still one sentence more than you had yesterday
exercise restraint when using swear words and extra punctuation in order for them to pack a punch when you do use them
if your characters have to kiss to show they’re in love, then they’re not in love
make every scene interesting (or make every scene your favorite scene), otherwise your readers will be just as bored as you
if you’re stuck on a scene, delete the last line you wrote and go in a different direction, or leave in brackets as placeholders
don’t compare your first draft to published books that could be anywhere from 3rd to 103rd drafts
i promise you the story you want to tell can fit into 100k words or less
sometimes the book isn’t working because it’s not ready to be written or you’re not ready to write it yet; let it marinate for a bit so the idea can develop as you become a better writer
a story written in chronological order takes a lot more discipline and is usually easier to understand than a story written with flashbacks
i am overcome with the urge to deal out unsolicited writing advice
Writing Tips
Punctuating Dialogue
✧
➸ “This is a sentence.”
➸ “This is a sentence with a dialogue tag at the end,” she said.
➸ “This,” he said, “is a sentence split by a dialogue tag.”
➸ “This is a sentence,” she said. “This is a new sentence. New sentences are capitalized.”
➸ “This is a sentence followed by an action.” He stood. “They are separate sentences because he did not speak by standing.”
➸ She said, “Use a comma to introduce dialogue. The quote is capitalized when the dialogue tag is at the beginning.”
➸ “Use a comma when a dialogue tag follows a quote,” he said.
“Unless there is a question mark?” she asked.
“Or an exclamation point!” he answered. “The dialogue tag still remains uncapitalized because it’s not truly the end of the sentence.”
➸ “Periods and commas should be inside closing quotations.”
➸ “Hey!” she shouted, “Sometimes exclamation points are inside quotations.”
However, if it’s not dialogue exclamation points can also be “outside”!
➸ “Does this apply to question marks too?” he asked.
If it’s not dialogue, can question marks be “outside”? (Yes, they can.)
➸ “This applies to dashes too. Inside quotations dashes typically express—“
“Interruption” — but there are situations dashes may be outside.
➸ “You’ll notice that exclamation marks, question marks, and dashes do not have a comma after them. Ellipses don’t have a comma after them either…” she said.
➸ “My teacher said, ‘Use single quotation marks when quoting within dialogue.’”
➸ “Use paragraph breaks to indicate a new speaker,” he said.
“The readers will know it’s someone else speaking.”
➸ “If it’s the same speaker but different paragraph, keep the closing quotation off.
“This shows it’s the same character continuing to speak.”
(How your character defends their soft core and what could shatter it) Because protection becomes prison real fast.
✶ Sarcasm as armor. (Break it with someone who laughs gently, not mockingly.) ✶ Hyper-independence. (Break it with someone who shows up even when they’re told not to.) ✶ Stoicism. (Break it with a safe space to fall apart.) ✶ Flirting to avoid intimacy. (Break it with real vulnerability they didn’t see coming.) ✶ Ghosting everyone. (Break it with someone who won’t take silence as an answer.) ✶ Lying for convenience. (Break it with someone who sees through them but stays anyway.) ✶ Avoiding touch. (Break it with accidental, gentle contact that feels like home.) ✶ Oversharing meaningless things to hide real depth. (Break it with someone who asks the second question.) ✶ Overworking. (Break it with forced stillness and the terrifying sound of their own thoughts.) ✶ Pretending not to care. (Break it with a loss they can’t fake their way through.) ✶ Avoiding mirrors. (Break it with a quiet compliment that hits too hard.) ✶ Turning every conversation into a joke. (Break it with someone who doesn’t laugh.) ✶ Being everyone’s helper. (Break it when someone asks what they need, and waits for an answer.) ✶ Constantly saying “I’m fine.” (Break it when they finally scream that they’re not.) ✶ Running. Always running. (Break it with someone who doesn’t chase, but doesn’t leave, either.) ✶ Intellectualizing every feeling. (Break it with raw, messy emotion they can’t logic away.) ✶ Trying to be the strong one. (Break it when someone sees the weight they’re carrying, and offers to help.) ✶ Hiding behind success. (Break it when they succeed and still feel empty.) ✶ Avoiding conflict at all costs. (Break it when silence causes more pain than the truth.) ✶ Focusing on everyone else’s healing but their own. (Break it when they hit emotional burnout.)
Words To Use Instead of Said (Advanced Version)
Reminder to use these sparingly and not every line of dialogue needs a dialogue tag.
To Say Something Quietly:
whispered
murmured
breathed
sighed
simpered
hummed
mumbled
muttered
To Say Something Loudly:
exclaimed
cried
squealed
shrieked
shouted
bellowed
roared
declared
declared
proclaimed
hollered
To Say Something Angrily:
snapped
snarled
growled
barked
grumbled
complained
huffed
nagged
blustered
thundered
seethed
fumed
ranted
demanded
taunted
scoffed
cursed
grunted
insulted
hissed
badgered
sneered
To Say Something In An Amused Manner:
laughed
chuckled
giggled
joked
quipped
teased
cheered
crowed
To Say Something Unsurely // Nervously:
faltered
stammered
stuttered
hesitated
guessed
blurted
trembled
speculated
quivered
equivocated
denied
countered
babbled
slurred
squeaked
yelped
cautioned
gulped
squales
quavered
hesitated
trailed off
The use of action tags will make your writing more interesting and creates variety in conversation-filled scenes. Make sure to add both in your writing and do your best not to over do it.
Reminder: When using action tags that aren’t one word, always use periods instead of commas. Example:
“Idiot,” Camille rolled her eyes out of annoyance, continuing to file her nails. Wrong.
“Idiot.” Camille rolled her eyes out of annoyance, continuing to file her nails. Correct.
Positive:
smiled
grinned
smirked
beamed
his eyes twinkled
flashed a chesire smile
looked pleased
her ears reddened
his cheeks flushed
the corner of her lips tugged up
Neutral:
crossed her arms
folded their arms
blew their hair out his their face
twirled her hair around her finger
massaged his temples
bit her lip
chewed the insides of her cheek
batted his eyes
angled her head
tousled his hair
nodded in agreement
feigned confusion
Negative:
clenched his fist
dug her nails into her palm
picked at his nails
glared
narrowed her gaze
withheld his anger
his head pounded with anger
You can mix and match, using a dialogue and an action tag as well. Example: Dialogue, Action.
“I don’t think I can,” she stammered, her cheeks flushing with embarrassment.
Updated 9th September 2024 More writing tips, review tips & writing description notes
Facial Expressions
Masking Emotions
Smiles/Smirks/Grins
Eye Contact/Eye Movements
Blushing
Voice/Tone
Body Language/Idle Movement
Thoughts/Thinking/Focusing/Distracted
Silence
Memories
Happy/Content/Comforted
Love/Romance
Sadness/Crying/Hurt
Confidence/Determination/Hopeful
Surprised/Shocked
Guilt/Regret
Disgusted/Jealous
Uncertain/Doubtful/Worried
Anger/Rage
Laughter
Confused
Speechless/Tongue Tied
Fear/Terrified
Mental Pain
Physical Pain
Tired/Drowsy/Exhausted
Eating
Drinking
Warm/Hot
╰ Behavioral Red Flags
They assume the worst intentions in themselves, even when they act out of love. They brought you coffee? Probably just guilt. They helped you move? Must be manipulating you so you "owe" them later. (They just care. But they can't believe that's true.)
They over-apologize for existing. You bump into them and somehow they’re the ones apologizing, looking like they've personally inconvenienced your entire bloodline.
They self-monitor everything. Every joke they make. Every word they say. Every look they give. Constant little glances at people's faces, desperate for signs that they’ve messed up again.
They let people treat them badly because they think they deserve it. Rudeness? Sure. Being overlooked? Of course. Public humiliation? Absolutely par for the course. Standing up for themselves feels wrong, like a thief demanding a refund.
They preemptively distance themselves when things get good. Got a close friendship brewing? Time to pull away before they find out I'm terrible. New romance? Better end it now before they hate me.
They assume jokes about "bad people" are secretly about them. "You know those selfish jerks who never change?" someone says. Their inner monologue: That’s me. They mean me.
They play up their flaws. Self-deprecating humor, but not cute self-roasting, deep, almost aggressive, like they’re trying to hand you the knife before you even think about stabbing.
They struggle to accept forgiveness. Apologizing feels natural. Being forgiven feels alien. Like wearing shoes on the wrong feet.
╰ Thought Patterns That Wreck Them
"Even when I try to do the right thing, I mess it up." Trying doesn't absolve them. Trying just delays the inevitable hurt they’ll cause someone else."People are nice to me because they don't know who I really am." Kindness isn't acceptance to them — it's a ticking time bomb, waiting to explode when the "truth" comes out.
"If someone is angry at me, they must be right." They don't even question it. Anger directed at them must be justified. They deserve it.
"If I succeed, it's by accident. If I fail, it's because I suck." Zero credit for wins. Full credit for losses. The math of their self-esteem is so rigged it should be illegal.
"If I ask for help, I'm manipulating people." Needing something feels like emotional blackmail in their mind. Better to suffer in silence than risk "forcing" someone to care.
╰ The Tiny Physical Tells
Laughing after their own serious statements, as if to soften the blow of speaking honestly.
Keeping their hands visible when talking (subconscious "I'm not a threat" behavior).
Flinching when someone raises their voice, even if it’s not directed at them.
Making themselves physically smaller—shoulders hunched, arms crossed, shrinking into themselves like they can disappear if they just try hard enough.
Dropping eye contact when complimented.
Holding their breath without realizing it when waiting for someone's reaction.
╰The Relationships They Gravitate Toward (And Why):
Fixer-Upper Friendships: They think they have to earn affection by being useful, by helping, by being "the strong one."
Unbalanced Dynamics: They let people use them because "at least I'm being helpful, even if they don't actually care about me."
Romantic Partners Who Validate Their Worst Fears: They often fall for people who treat them like they’re a burden—because it matches the script in their head.
Or... Relationships That Terrify Them: Because if someone genuinely loves them, they’re always waiting for the moment that person "wakes up" and sees the "monster" they believe themselves to be.
╰ How They Might Heal (If They’re Lucky)
(And if the author isn’t an emotional sadist. 👀)
A relationship where mistakes are allowed, not punished.
Someone calling them out, not for being bad, but for being unkind to themselves.
Tiny acts of trust that stick over time, slowly poisoning the idea that they’re inherently toxic.
Learning that being flawed and being villainous are not the same damn thing.
Being told, over and over, "You don't have to earn love by being perfect."
Can you do some more body language descriptions? For different emotions like Worry, sadness, love, etc!! Ty🩷🩷
Body Language Descriptions
-> feel free to edit and adjust pronouns as you see fit.
She wrung her hands together, her fingers twisting nervously as she struggled to keep her thoughts in check.
He glanced over his shoulder, his gaze darting anxiously around the room.
She pulled at her sleeve, the movement repetitive and absentminded as her mind raced.
He bit the inside of his cheek, a habit that betrayed his inner turmoil.
They hugged their arms tightly across their chest, as if trying to hold themselves together.
She paced the room, her steps quick and uneven as she tried to shake off the nagging sense of dread.
She wiped at her eyes, even though no tears had fallen yet.
He let his shoulders sag, his whole body slumping as if the weight of the world rested on him.
She clutched her scarf tightly, her fingers gripping the fabric like it was the only thing grounding her.
He kept his head low, staring at the ground as if afraid to meet anyone’s eyes.
They let out a shaky exhale, the sound heavy with unspoken grief.
She blinked rapidly, trying to hold back the tears threatening to spill.
She tucked a strand of hair behind her ear, her smile soft and shy as she met his gaze.
He brushed her hand lightly, the touch lingering just a moment longer than necessary.
They leaned closer, their knees nearly touching, as if drawn together by an invisible force.
She tilted her head slightly, her expression tender and full of quiet affection.
He laughed easily, the sound warm and unguarded, his gaze never leaving her face.
She reached out to fix his collar, her fingers lingering as she adjusted it carefully.
He avoided her eyes, his gaze fixed firmly on the floor.
She rubbed her temples, her hands trembling.
He shifted his weight from foot to foot, unable to stay still.
She clasped her hands tightly behind her back, her knuckles white as she fought to remain composed.
They bit their lower lip, their jaw tightening.
He fidgeted with the edge of his sleeve, his movements jerky and hesitant.
She took a step back, her breath quickening as her eyes darted to the nearest exit.
He clenched the fabric of his shirt over his chest, as if trying to steady his pounding heart.
She froze in place, her body stiff and her movements tentative, like a deer caught in headlights.
He swallowed hard, his throat bobbing visibly as he fought to calm himself.
They pressed their back against the wall, their hands splayed out.
She whispered under her breath, her words shaky and barely audible.
He crossed his arms over his chest, his jaw tightening as his gaze followed her every move.
She tapped her foot impatiently, the rhythm sharp and irritated as she forced a smile.
He clenched his fists at his sides, the tension in his knuckles betraying his calm demeanor.
She cast a sideways glance, her lips pressed into a thin line.
They shifted in their seat, their shoulders stiff.
He ran his fingers through his hair, his movements brisk and frustrated as he fought to contain his thoughts.
She exhaled deeply, her shoulders dropping as the tension melted away.
He ran a hand down his face, his smile faint but unmistakably genuine.
She laughed shakily, her hand pressed to her chest as if trying to steady her racing heart.
He slumped against the nearest chair, his legs suddenly too weak to hold him up.
They let their head fall back, their eyes closing as a soft, contented sigh escaped their lips.
She smiled faintly, her fingers tracing idle patterns on the surface of the table as the weight lifted from her mind.
She tugged at the collar of her shirt, her cheeks flushing as she avoided everyone’s gaze.
He rubbed the back of his neck, his lips twitching into an awkward, forced smile.
She bit her lip, her hands fluttering nervously.
He let out a strained laugh, scratching the side of his head.
They hid their face in their hands, peeking out between their fingers with a sheepish grin.
She stumbled over her words, her fingers twisting the hem of her shirt as her cheeks burned bright red.
ACT ONE: SETUP
1. Opening Image: A snapshot of your story’s world and tone. Who are we following? What’s at stake?
2. Theme Stated: A subtle hint about the story’s deeper meaning or lesson, often posed as a question or challenge.
3. Setup: Introduce your protagonist, their ordinary world, supporting characters, and the status quo. Show us what needs to change.
4. Catalyst: The inciting incident that flips the protagonist’s world upside down. This is the point of no return.
5. Debate: Your protagonist hesitates. Should they step forward into the unknown or retreat? This beat builds anticipation.
ACT TWO: CONFRONTATION
6. Break Into Two: The protagonist makes a decision and steps into a new world (literal or figurative). The adventure begins.
7. B Story: The subplot kicks in—often a relationship or secondary goal that supports the main story’s theme.
8. Fun and Games: The “heart” of the story. Deliver on the premise and explore the stakes through action, conflict, and character growth.
9. Midpoint: A major turning point where everything changes. Stakes are raised. Success feels closer—or failure looms larger.
10. Bad Guys Close In: External and internal pressures mount. Allies falter. Enemies strike. Doubts creep in.
11. All Is Lost: The darkest moment. The protagonist experiences a significant loss or setback.
12. Dark Night of the Soul: A pause for reflection. Your protagonist processes their failure and digs deep to find the courage to move forward.
ACT THREE: RESOLUTION
13. Break Into Three: Armed with new insight or strength, the protagonist takes decisive action to face the story’s central conflict.
14. Finale: The climax. Everything comes to a head in a final showdown or resolution. Your protagonist proves they’ve changed—or failed to.
15. Closing Image: A mirror of the opening image, showing how the world—and your protagonist—has transformed.
Okay, let’s be real—dialogue can make or break a scene. You want your characters to sound natural, like actual humans talking, not robots reading a script. So, how do you write dialogue that feels real without it turning into a mess of awkward pauses and “ums”? Here’s a little cheat sheet of what real people actually do when they talk (and you can totally steal these for your next story):
1. People Interrupt Each Other All the Time In real conversations, nobody waits for the perfect moment to speak. We interrupt, cut each other off, and finish each other's sentences. Throw in some overlaps or interruptions in your dialogue to make it feel more dynamic and less like a rehearsed play.
2. They Don’t Always Say What They Mean Real people are masters of dodging. They’ll say one thing but mean something totally different (hello, passive-aggressive banter). Or they’ll just avoid the question entirely. Let your characters be vague, sarcastic, or just plain evasive sometimes—it makes their conversations feel more layered.
3. People Trail Off... We don’t always finish our sentences. Sometimes we just... stop talking because we assume the other person gets what we’re trying to say. Use that in your dialogue! Let a sentence trail off into nothing. It adds realism and shows the comfort (or awkwardness) between characters.
4. Repeating Words Is Normal In real life, people repeat words when they’re excited, nervous, or trying to make a point. It’s not a sign of bad writing—it’s how we talk. Let your characters get a little repetitive now and then. It adds a rhythm to their speech that feels more genuine.
5. Fillers Are Your Friends People say "um," "uh," "like," "you know," all the time. Not every character needs to sound polished or poetic. Sprinkle in some filler words where it makes sense, especially if the character is nervous or thinking on their feet.
6. Not Everyone Speaks in Complete Sentences Sometimes, people just throw out fragments instead of complete sentences, especially when emotions are high. Short, choppy dialogue can convey tension or excitement. Instead of saying “I really think we need to talk about this,” try “We need to talk. Now.”
7. Body Language Is Part of the Conversation Real people don’t just communicate with words; they use facial expressions, gestures, and body language. When your characters are talking, think about what they’re doing—are they fidgeting? Smiling? Crossing their arms? Those little actions can add a lot of subtext to the dialogue without needing extra words.
8. Awkward Silences Are Golden People don’t talk non-stop. Sometimes, they stop mid-conversation to think, or because things just got weird. Don’t be afraid to add a beat of awkward silence, a long pause, or a meaningful look between characters. It can say more than words.
9. People Talk Over Themselves When They're Nervous When we’re anxious, we tend to talk too fast, go back to rephrase what we just said, or add unnecessary details. If your character’s nervous, let them ramble a bit or correct themselves. It’s a great way to show their internal state through dialogue.
10. Inside Jokes and Shared History Real people have history. Sometimes they reference something that happened off-page, or they share an inside joke only they get. This makes your dialogue feel lived-in and shows that your characters have a life beyond the scene. Throw in a callback to something earlier, or a joke only two characters understand.
11. No One Explains Everything People leave stuff out. We assume the person we’re talking to knows what we’re talking about, so we skip over background details. Instead of having your character explain everything for the reader’s benefit, let some things go unsaid. It’ll feel more natural—and trust your reader to keep up!
12. Characters Have Different Voices Real people don’t all talk the same way. Your characters shouldn’t either! Pay attention to their unique quirks—does one character use slang? Does another speak more formally? Maybe someone’s always cutting people off while another is super polite. Give them different voices and patterns of speech so their dialogue feels authentic to them.
13. People Change the Subject In real life, conversations don’t always stay on track. People get sidetracked, jump to random topics, or avoid certain subjects altogether. If your characters are uncomfortable or trying to dodge a question, let them awkwardly change the subject or ramble to fill the space.
14. Reactions Aren’t Always Immediate People don’t always respond right away. They pause, they think, they hesitate. Sometimes they don’t know what to say, and that delay can speak volumes. Give your characters a moment to process before they respond—it’ll make the conversation feel more natural.
Hello again!! :D i was wondering, what makes a story feel lifeless? i mean, not the plot but the text itself. My writing feels like a bunch of facts one after the other: the sky was blue, it smelled like cinnamon; This happened and then That happened, now they're doing This etc. Despite including sensory details and the protagonist's thoughts, it still feels monochromatic and devoid of personality :( and like? too quick?? in a bad way (not sure why). How can i change this?
Great question! I love this one! Here are three things that come to mind for me.
Based on what you've written, it seems like what you might be missing is emotionality--without the right emotion beats, it's no wonder its feeling lifeless to you. You've got the senses nailed -- the sky is blue (what they see), it smells like cinnamon (scent, evocative! curious: why does it smell like that, i wonder as the reader, that's good!). And you've got plot points coming one after the other, also good.
So maybe your paragraph looks like this (obviously I'm just making this up):
Jane followed Maura into the farmer's market. It was a hot day. The sky was bright blue and the air smelled like cinnamon. Maura took a long time looking at all of the vegetables. Jane bought a Red Sox onesie for Frankie's baby. Maura spent a lot of money, and Jane was ready to go long before Maura was.
Here are three things I'd do to make this seem more alive, more emotional, and take longer (if you want it to):
1. Vary the sentence length. This is a great an easy fix to writing that sounds wooden. Read it out loud. Notice the steady tempo of the sentences above; they're all relatively similar in length. Breaking that up can give a more unpredictable rhythm that makes the reader's breath catch in their chest. After you read the above paragraph out loud, read this one. Notice that none of the words have changed, only the punctuation (and things like "and"):
Jane followed Maura into the farmer's market on a hot day. The sky was bright blue, the air smelled like cinnamon. Maura took a long time looking at all of the vegetables, and Jane bought a Red Sox onesie for Frankie's baby. Maura spent a lot of money. Jane was ready to go long before Maura was.
That's a little more lively, a little more of an emphasis comes into "Maura spent a lot of money," and there's a bit of a dance to "the sky was bright blue, the air smelled like cinnamon" in a way there wasn't to the first version.
Okay, simple fix done. Now to the more complex ones.
2. Tie specific emotion and memory to each sensation. So it smells like cinnamon, so what? So the sky is blue, so what? What do those things mean for Jane? Why are we calling those out? What can we learn from/about Jane and the scene from her reactions to those things? Maybe now it looks like this (new/modified stuff in blue):
Jane followed Maura into the farmer's market. It wasn't until they were approaching the first fruit stand that Jane realized how long it had been since she'd been here. Jane was surprised to find that she missed it, missed watching Maura touch every single damn zucchini and then buy none of them. It was nice, actually. It was the hottest day of the summer so far; the sky was bright blue, and the air smelled like cinnamon. Maura took a long time looking at all of the vegetables, as always, and Jane wandered away in a fit of boredom, returning with a cheap Red Sox onesie for Frankie's baby that made Maura mutter something under her breath about synthetic fabrics and infant skin. Jane didn't bother not to smile. It felt like old times. Maura finally found some berries up to her standards and spent more money than even Jane expected her to, and Jane eventually had to drag her back to the car.
Okay, so that's very different, right? Thinking about each detail, each action, as something that's specific and makes Jane think of specific things, to compare and contrast to how it might have gone before. That's going to give you lots of life and emotionality. We learn, without you having to tell us, that Jane expected it to be boring, stilted, long, and not very hot outside. That tells us a lot about Jane. Plus, we learn that not only was nice and kind of emotional and hot and Maura spent so much money, but also how Jane feels about those things, those expectations she had gotten wrong. That tells us even more about Jane!
And then the final thing that comes to my mind right now is:
3. Connect what's happening to the broader plot or tension of this scene. Why are they at the farmer's market? What is Jane needing to happen, or hoping doesn't happen? Let's say Maura has dragged Jane out because Jane has been stuck inside the precinct for a week trying to find a clue that's evaded her on a tough case. The unsolved case is weighing on Jane, and Maura is a firm believer that fresh air and exercise will give Jane's brain the breath it needs to find the clue. Jane is very grumpy about it. So that's tension: Jane wants to be at work saving lives, and Maura has dragged her here, using Jane's love for Maura to manipulate her into coming to the market. So maybe now it looks like this (new/modified stuff in purple):
Jane reluctantly followed Maura into the farmer's market. It wasn't until they were approaching the first fruit stand that Jane realized how long it had been since she'd been here; Maura used to drag her here almost every weekend, but that was before Casey. Before everything with Maura's dad. Before their relationship was stretched taut like a rubber band and then very nearly snapped in two. Jane was surprised to find that she missed it, missed watching Maura touch every single damn zucchini and then buy none of them. It was nice, actually. It was the hottest day of the summer so far; the sky was bright blue, and the air smelled like cinnamon. Inside the precinct, at her desk, it was always dark and smelled like a gym locker. Maybe Maura was right, not that Jane would ever admit it to her. Seeing the sky, smelling the pastries and coffee and ripe peaches--maybe this was what Jane needed to crack the case. Maura took forever looking at all of the vegetables, as always, and Jane wandered away in a fit of boredom, returning with a cheap Red Sox onesie for Frankie's baby that made Maura mutter something under her breath about synthetic fabrics and infant skin. Jane didn't bother not to smile. It felt like old times, like maybe one day they'd get back to the banter and easy affection they'd used to have. Maura finally found some berries up to her standards and spent more money than even Jane expected her to, and Jane eventually had to drag her back to the car, because murder can only wait so long, after all. The sunshine and stone fruit and the hot, humid breezes of summer would all still be waiting for her once she'd solved this damn case.
So by (1) varying sentence length, (2) making things tied to specific memories and details, and comparing/contrasting with past experiences or current expectations, and (3) tying the entire situation into the broad tension of the scene/chapter/fic, we've been able to add a lot of liveliness, character depth, emotionality, and slow down the pace so that we're not rushing from one thing to the next.
What do you think? What do you all do to add life to your scenes?
subtle ways to include foreshadowing
one character knowing something offhandedly that they shouldn't, isn't addressed until later
the crow rhyme
colours!! esp if like, blue is evil in your world and the mc's best friend is always noted to wear blue...betrayal?
write with the ending in mind
use patterns from tragic past events to warn of the future
keep the characters distracted! run it in the background until the grand reveal
WEATHER.
do some research into Chekhov's gun
mention something that the mc dismisses over and over
KEEP TRACK OF WHAT YOU PUT. don't leave things hanging.
unreliable characters giving information that turn out to be true
flowers and names with meanings
anything with meanings actually
metaphors. if one character describes another as "a real demon" and the other turns out to be the bad guy, you're kind of like...ohhh yeahhh
anyways add anything else in the tags
Acacia: Hidden love, beauty in withdrawal
Amaryllis: Pride, a hard won success
Anemone: Vanishing hopes
Bells of Ireland: Wish for good luck
Carnation: Fascination, love and distinction
Daffodil (Narcissus): Honesty and truth
Dahlia flower: Warnings and change
Daisy: Innocence, loyal love and purity
Delphinium: Open heart, ardent attachement
Gardenia: Symbol of secret love
Gladiolus: Remembrance, faithfulness and sincerity
Hyacinth: I'm sorry, please forgive me.
Iris: Eloquence
Lily (general) : Purity of the heart and refined beauty
Lily of the valley: Return of happiness
Marigold: Passion and creativity
Orchid: Beauty, refinement and love
Peony: Happy marriage
Lavender: Love at first sight
Red rose: Love, respect, courage and passion
White rose: Purity, secrecy, silence, innocence and charm
Sunflower: Good luck and ambition
Tulip: Irresistible love
Violet: Faithfulness, modesty and delicate love
Zinnia: Lasting affection, daily remembrance and good memories
showing up outside your enemy's door
only one bed
knife against the throat
“it’s always been you” kisses
exclaiming “because i love you” during an argument
rain kisses
''use me''
having to undress your love interest to be able to tend to their wounds, trying your best not to stare at their bare-chest
being pushed to the ground/wall with your hands pinned down
sexual tension when tending to someone's wound
“I didn’t know where else to go”
fake dating (it was real all along)
confessing your feelings to someone you think are asleep
“it’s not like I’ll ever see [that person again]” while said person's standing behind them, suitcase in hand, about to reveal they’re moving back into town
''make me''
a character claiming they’re not going to do ~the thing~ but in the next frame is seen ~doing the thing~
“nothing is ever going to happen between us!”
two strangers bumping into each other on the street, instant attraction (not love. attraction! think instant case of god you’re hot)
during a stressful situation, a character can be seen running back into their house ‘’forgot my keys’’ *runs back out* *runs back in* ‘’forgot my wallet’’
the italicized “oh”
“what is it that you don’t get? i’m not attracted to [this person]!” cut to scene of the person in question staring longing at the object of their desire
going to sleep on different sides of the bed but waking up entangled
going to sleep in different beds but sneaking into the other's to snuggle
forehead kisses but it's the male being kissed on the forehead
dancing together, one of them takes the other’s hand, kisses it
''what you're doing right now is really stupid but you're so cute i can't help but laugh at it''
''let's kiss just to see what it's like''
when someone's like… i don’t know… hurt or something… and the other person's like… tending to their wounds… and then just… wrap their lover their arms, thankful they’re alive
when a character is taken hostage by the antagonist, and their lover goes absolutely ballistic, doing everything in their power to protect their lover, and the antagonist has to restrain them, but it doesn't stop this character from trying to get to their lover, doesn’t matter what happens to them, doesn’t matter if they get beaten as long as their lover's safe
Writing fight scenes
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A fight scene should be fast-paced and intense. Unless it's a final battle with numerous parties, a fight scene that's too long tends to take away suspense. To speed up your pacing, use active voice to describe movement and don't overdescribe your characters' thoughts. Excessive inner monologue will be unrealistic, as people usually have no room to think during intense combats.
Here's a point that people often overlook, but is actually super important. Through fight scenes, you should be able to reveal your characters' contrasting mannerisms and personality. A cunning character would play dirty - fighting less and making use of their opponent's weakness more. A violent character would aim to kill. A softer one would only target to disarm their enemies, using weakened attacks. A short-minded character would only rely on force and attack without thinking. This will help readers understand your characters more and decide who to root for.
Not only the characters, you also need to consider the setting of your fight scene and use it to your advantage. Is it suitable for fighting, or are there dangerous slopes that make it risky? Are there scattered items that can help your characters fight (e.g. nails, shards of glass, ropes, wooden boards, or cutlery)? Is it a public place where people can easily spot the fight and call the authorities, or is it a private spot where they can fight to the death?
The main things that you need to describe in a fight scene are :
• Characters involved in the fight
• How they initiate and dodge attacks
• Fighting styles and any weapons used
• The injuries caused
Be careful to not drag out the description for too long, because it slows down the pace.
By raising the stakes of the fight, your readers will be more invested in it. Just when they think it's over, introduce another worse conflict that will keep the scene going. Think of your characters' goals and motivations as well. Maybe if the MC didn't win, the world would end! Or maybe, one person in the fight is going all-out, while the other is going easy because they used to be close :"D
Fights are bound to be dirty and resulting in injuries, so don't let your character walk away unscathed - show the effect of their injuries. For example, someone who had been punched in the jaw has a good chance of passing out, and someone who had been stabbed won't just remove the knife and walk away without any problem. To portray realistic injuries, research well.
You don't write fight scenes only to make your characters look cool - every fight needs to have a purpose and drive the plot forward. Maybe they have to fight to improve their fighting skills or escape from somewhere alive. Maybe they need to defeat the enemy in order to obtain an object or retrieve someone who had been kidnapped. The point is, every single fight scene should bring the characters one step closer (or further :D) to the climax.
• Hand to hand combat :
Crush, smash, lunge, beat, punch, leap, slap, scratch, batter, pummel, whack, slam, dodge, clobber, box, shove, bruise, knock, flick, push, choke, charge, impact
• With weapon :
Swing, slice, brandish, stab, shoot, whip, parry, cut, bump, poke, drive, shock, strap, pelt, plunge, impale, lash, bleed, sting, penetrate